Vietnamese Literature: A Historical Journey and Contemporary Values

An Overview

Vietnamese literature, with a history spanning thousands of years, is a priceless treasure trove reflecting the life, soul, and spirit of the nation. From oral stories and ancient poems to modern novels and plays, Vietnamese literature has gone through many developmental stages, leaving a profound mark on the consciousness of Vietnamese people and international readers alike.

Classical Literature Period

Medieval Poetry:

During this period, Vietnamese literature was deeply influenced by Chinese culture but still retained its unique characteristics. Poetic forms such as Đường luật poetry, Nôm poetry, folk songs, and proverbs were born and flourished, reflecting the lives and emotions of people at that time. Representative works such as Chinh phụ ngâm, Truyện Kiều, Lục Vân Tiên… have become invaluable literary legacies.

Medieval Prose:

Besides poetry, prose also made significant contributions. Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư (Complete Annals of Đại Việt) is a monumental historical work recording the heroic history of the nation. Nôm stories like Truyện Lục Vân Tiên and folk tales also enriched the literary treasure trove.

Modern Literature Period

Literature at the Beginning of the 20th Century:

The advent of Quốc ngữ (the Vietnamese alphabet) created favorable conditions for the development of modern literature. Writers and poets of this period expressed their patriotism, their struggle for national liberation, and reflected social reality truthfully. Notable names such as Nguyễn Du, Hồ Xuân Hương, Tú Xương,… left behind immortal works.

Post-1945 Literature:

After the August Revolution, Vietnamese literature entered a new phase of development. Writers and poets focused on nation-building, reflecting the new life and striving for peace. New genres such as novels, plays, and free verse emerged and flourished. Works such as Làng (Village), Rừng xà nu (The Jungle), Mưa phùn (Drizzling Rain)… became classic works of Vietnamese literature.

Contemporary Values of Vietnamese Literature

Today, Vietnamese literature continues to develop and assert its position internationally. Modern works reflect social issues and the concerns of contemporary people. Literature contributes to education, guiding thoughts and feelings, raising awareness among readers, and fostering patriotism and national pride. The study and preservation of literary heritage is an important task to maintain and promote the traditional cultural values of the nation.